本书注重基本概念，每一章都安排一段概括电气工程概念在其他领域中的应用的文字介绍。本书主要内容包括：基本电路的分析和测量、一阶电路的暂态响应、交流稳态电路、数字逻辑电路、二极管电路、放大电路、场效应管和双极结型晶体管（三极管）电路、运算放大器。
As in the previous editions, my guiding philosophy in writing this book has three elements. The .rst element is my belief that in the long run students are best served by learning basic concepts in a general setting. Second, I be-lieve that students need to be motivated by seeing how the principles apply to speci.c and interesting problems in their own .elds. The third element of my philosophy is to take every opportunity to make learning free of frustration for the student.
This book covers circuit analysis and digital systems, at a level appropriate for either electrical-engineering students in an introductory course or nonma-jors in a survey course. The only essential prerequisites are basic physics and single-variable calculus. Teaching a course using this book offers opportunities to develop theoretical and experimental skills and experiences in the following areas:
. Basic circuit analysis and measurement
. First-order transients
. Steady-state ac circuits
. Digital logic circuits
. Diode circuits
. Field-effect and bipolar junction transistors
. Operational ampli.ers While the emphasis of this book is on basic concepts, a key feature is the inclusion of short articles scattered throughout showing how electrical-engineering concepts are applied in other .elds. The subjects of these articles include anti-knock signal processing for internal combustion engines, a cardiac pacemaker, active noise control, and the use of the Global Positioning System in surveying, among others. I welcome comments from users of this book. Information on how the book
could be improved is especially valuable and will be taken to heart in future revisions. My e-mail address is arhamble@mtu.edu.
Prerequisites
The essential prerequisites for a course from this book are basic physics and single-variable calculus. A prior differential equations course would be helpful but is not essential. Differential equations are encountered in Chapter 4 on transient analysis, but the skills needed are developed from basic calculus.
Pedagogical Features
The book includes various pedagogical features designed with the goal of stim-ulating student interest, eliminating frustration, and engendering an awareness of the relevance of the material to their chosen profession. These features are:
. Statements of learning objectives open each chapter.
. Comments in the margins emphasize and summarize important points or indicate common pitfalls that students need to avoid.
. Short boxed articles demonstrate how electrical-engineering principles are applied in other .elds of engineering. For example, see the articles on active noise cancellation and electronic pacemakers.
. Step-by-step problem solving procedures.
. Summaries of important points at the end of each chapter provide refer-ences for students.
Meeting Abet-Directed Outcomes
Courses based on this book provide excellent opportunities to meet many of the directed outcomes for accreditation. The Criteria for Accrediting Engineer-ing Programs require that graduates of accredited programs have “an ability to apply knowledge of mathematics, science, and engineering” and “an ability to identify, formulate, and solve engineering problems.” This book, in its entirety, is aimed at developing these abilities.
Furthermore, the criteria require “an ability to function on multi-disciplinary teams” and “an ability to communicate effectively.” Courses based on this book contribute to these abilities by giving nonmajors the knowledge and vocabulary to communicate effectively with electrical engineers. The book also helps to inform electrical engineers about applications in other .elds of engineering. To aid in communication skills, end-of-chapter problems that ask students to explain electrical-engineering concepts in their own words are included.
Solutions Manual and Website
Any corrections that may be needed for the book or solutions manual will be posted on the website as they are found. The home page for this book is located
Preface
at www.myengineeringlab.com
Students will also .nd practice problems and online homework on this site if it is assigned by their instructor.
Instructor Resources
The website also contains resources for instructors including:
. A new online homework system
. PowerPoint lecture slides
. Instructor’s Solutions Manual
Furthermore, a complete solutions manual is available in hard copy from the publisher to instructors who have adopted the book.
Acknowledgments
I wish to thank my colleagues, past and present, in the Electrical and Computer Engineering Department at Michigan Technological University, all of whom have given me help and encouragement at one time or another in writing this book and in my other projects.
I have received much excellent advice from professors at other institutions who reviewed the manuscript in various stages. This advice has improved the .nal result a great deal, and I am grateful for their help. The reviewers were:
Ibrahim Abdel-Motaled, Northwestern University;
D. B. Brumm, Michigan Technological University;Robert Collin, Case Western University;Joseph A. Coppola, Syracuse University;Norman R. Cox, University of Missouri at Rolla;
W. T. Easter, North Carolina State University;Zoran Gajic, Rutgers University;Edwin L. Gerber, Drexel University;Victor Gerez, Montana State University;Elmer Grubbs, New Mexico Highlands University;Richard S. Marleau, University of Wisconsin;Sunanda Mitra, Texas Tech University;Phil Noe, Texas A & M University;Edgar A. O’Hair, Texas Tech University;John Pavlat, Iowa State University;Clifford Pollock, Cornell University;Michael Reed, Carnegie Mellon University;Gerald F. Reid, Virginia Polytechnic Institute;
William Sayle II, Georgia Institute of Technology;
Len Trombetta, University of Houston;
Belinda B. Wang, University of Toronto;
Carl Wells, Washington State University;
Edward Yang, Columbia University;
Rodger E. Ziemer, University of Colorado, Colorado Springs.
I also thank Professor Al Wicks of Virginia Tech who reviewed the manuscript for the second edition and supplied excellent suggestions for improvement.
Over the years, many students and faculty using my books at Michigan Technological University and elsewhere have made many excellent suggestions for improving the books and correcting errors. I thank them very much.
I am indebted to Mike McDonald and Tom Robbins, my editors at Pren-tice Hall, for keeping me pointed in the right direction and for many excellent suggestions that have improved my books a great deal. Thanks, also, to Scott Disanno for a great job of managing the production of this book.
Also, I want to thank Tony and Pam for their continuing encouragement and valuable insights. I thank Judy for many good things too extensive to list.
Allan R. Hambley
电子与电气工程
电工学原理及应用（英文精编版·第4版）
本畅销教材汇总了电气工程领域的几乎所有的概念，并提供了详尽的例题和实际应用范例。作者Allan R. Hambley通过讲授电工学原理来激励学生学习，并应用于解决各个工程领域的专门的、或者有趣的问题。本书以学生友好的写作风格、精心的问题设计、简明的练习和例题而见长。第4版的内容相比前三版改动较大，满足了目前相关课程的高校教师和学生的需要。同时，第4版还为教师和学生提供了功能强大的网络信息资源套装，详情请登录培生教育的工程实验室网站http://www.myengineeringlab.com。
我国也有许多所大学采用本书作为本科生“电工学”课程的教材和主要教学参考书，收到了良好的效果。本书基于该书第4版进行改编，保留其中的基本内容，压缩或删除了一些高级内容。本书包括电路理论、逻辑电路和模拟电子技术等三部分内容，适用于化工、生物、土木工程等非电专业学生的“电工学”课程，也可以作为电气工程、计算机、自动化等专业学生的专业导论课程的参考教材。
关于封面的图片
封面图片是一个钓鱼者放置在水面的浮标，等待着游过的鳟鱼。世界各地的鱼类正面临着各种威胁，例如水质污染、栖息地被破坏以及过量捕杀。环境工程师和科学家通过在鱼的身体里植入射频识别标牌来获取鱼类迁徙的准确信息和相关习性。这种射频识别标牌的尺寸大小跟一粒米相同，可随时向溪边的信号接收器发送信息。
作者简介
Allan R. Hambley拥有密歇根大学学士学位、伊利诺斯理工学院硕士学位和伍斯特工艺学院博士学位。他曾就职于哈泽泰研究公司、沃里克电子公司和哈里斯政府部门。他在电子工程领域屡获殊荣，两次获得密歇根大学Eta Kappa Nu奖，同时，他在通信系统方面也取得了突出的教学成就，从1988年起，连续6年获得“国立理工大学优秀导师”称号。美国工程教育界因其著作《电子学》向他颁发了1988年度Meriam/Wiley优秀作者奖。Allan R. Hambley爱好园艺、钓鱼以及在苏必利尔湖人烟稀少的湖区泛舟。
(美) Allan R. Hambley 著：（设计封面时请参考“计算机科学丛书”本科教学版的格式）
Preface
Part One Circuits
Chapter 1 Introduction ............................................. 2
1.1 OverviewofElectricalEngineering..............................2
1.2 Circuits,Currents,andVoltages ................................. 8
1.3 PowerandEnergy ............................................ 18
1.4 Kirchhoff’sCurrentLaw ...................................... 22
1.5 Kirchhoff’sVoltageLaw ...................................... 25
1.6 IndependentonCircuitElements ............................... 29
1.7 IntroductiontoCircuits ....................................... 39
Summary . . . .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . .. .. . 44
Problems ......................................................... 46
Chapter 2 Resistive Circuits ....................................... 53
2.1 ResistancesinSeriesandParallel .............................. 53
2.2 Network Analysis by Using Series and Parallel Equivalents . . . . . . . 58
2.3 Voltage-Divider and Current-Divider Circuits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
2.4 Th′eveninandNortonEquivalentCircuits ....................... 68
2.5 SuperpositionPrinciple ....................................... 82
2.6 WheatstoneBridge ........................................... 90
Summary . . . .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . .. .. . 92
Problems ......................................................... 93
Chapter 3 Inductance and Capacitance. . . . . . .. .. . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. .103
3.1 Capacitance................................................ 104
3.2 CapacitancesinSeriesandParallel ............................ 113
3.3 PhysicalCharacteristicsofCapacitors ......................... 115
3.4 Inductance..................................................120
3.5 InductancesinSeriesandParallel ............................. 126
3.6 PracticalInductors .......................................... 127
3.7 MutualInductance .......................................... 131
Summary. . . . .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . .. .. . 132
Problems . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . 133
Chapter 4 Transients . . . .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. . . 137
4.1First-Order RCCircuits ..................................... 137
4.2 DCSteadyState ............................................ 142
4.3 RLCircuits ................................................ 145
Summary. . . . .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . .. .. . 150
Problems . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . 151
Chapter 5 Steady-State Sinusoidal Analysis ....................... 156
5.1 SinusoidalCurrentsandVoltages ............................. 157
5.2 Phasors.................................................... 164
5.3 ComplexImpedances ........................................ 170
5.4 Circuit Analysis with Phasors and Complex Impedances . . . . . . . . 176
5.5 PowerinACCircuits ........................................ 182
5.6 Th′eveninandNortonEquivalentCircuits ...................... 196
5.7 BalancedThree-PhaseCircuits ............................... 202
Summary. . . . .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . .. .. . 216
Problems . . . . . . .. . . .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . 218
Chapter 6 Frequency Response, Bode Plots, and Resonance . . . . . . . . 226
6.1 Fourier Analysis, Filters, and Transfer Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227
6.2 First-OrderLowpassFilters .................................. 239
6.3 Decibels, the Cascade Connection, and Logarithmic Frequency Scales.. .. . . . .. .. .. .. .. .. . 245
6.4 BodePlots .................................................. 250
6.5 First-OrderHighpassFilters .................................. 254
6.6 SeriesResonance............................................262
6.7 ParallelResonance .......................................... 269
Summary. . . . .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . .. .. . 272
Problems . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . 274
Part Two Digital Systems
Chapter 7 Logic Circuits ......................................... 279
7.1 BasicLogicCircuitConcepts ................................. 280
Contents
7.2 Representation of Numerical Data in Binary Form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283
7.3 CombinatorialLogicCircuits ................................. 293
7.4 SynthesisofLogicCircuits ................................... 302
7.5 MinimizationofLogicCircuits ............................... 310
7.6 SequentialLogicCircuits .................................... 315
Summary. . . . .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . .. .. . 330
Problems . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . 331
Chapter 8 Diodes .. . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. 340
8.1 BasicDiodeConcepts ....................................... 340
8.2 Load-LineAnalysisofDiodeCircuits ......................... 345
8.3 Zener-DiodeVoltage-RegulatorCircuits ....................... 348
8.4 Ideal-DiodeModel .......................................... 353
8.5 Piecewise-LinearDiodeModels .............................. 356
8.6 Recti.erCircuits ............................................ 360
8.7 Wave-ShapingCircuits.......................................366
8.8 LinearSmall-SignalEquivalentCircuits ....................... 372
Summary. . . . .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . .. .. . 379
Problems . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . 380
Chapter 9 Ampli.ers: Speci.cations and External Characteristics ... 392
9.1 BasicAmpli.erConcepts .................................... 393
9.2 CascadedAmpli.ers.........................................499
9.3 PowerSuppliesandEf.ciency ................................ 403
9.4 AdditionalAmpli.erModels ................................. 406
9.5 Importance of Ampli.er Impedances in Various Applications . . . . 411
9.6 IdealAmpli.ers ............................................. 414
9.7 FrequencyResponse ......................................... 416
9.8 LinearWaveformDistortion .................................. 421
9.9 PulseResponse ............................................. 426
9.10 Transfer Characteristic and Nonlinear Distortion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 429
9.11 DifferentialAmpli.ers......................................432
9.12 Offset Voltage, Bias Current, and Offset Current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 438
Summary. . . . .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . .. .. . 444
Problems . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . 445
Chapter 10 Field-Effect Transistors . . . . .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. . . 450
10.1 NMOSandPMOSTransistors ............................... 451
10.2 Load-Line Analysis of a Simple NMOS Ampli.er . . . . . . . . . . . . . 460
10.3 BiasCircuits...............................................463
10.4 Small-SignalEquivalentCircuits ............................ 467
10.5 Common-SourceAmpli.ers.................................472
10.6 SourceFollowers...........................................477
10.7 CMOSLogicGates ........................................ 482
Summary. . . . .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . .. .. . 489
Problems . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . 490
Chapter 11 Bipolar Junction Transistors .......................... 495
11.1 CurrentandVoltageRelationships ........................... 495
11.2 Common-EmitterCharacteristics ............................ 500
11.3 Load-Line Analysis of a Common-Emitter Ampli.er . . . . . . . . . . 502
11.4 pnpBipolar Junction Transistors ............................ 509
11.5 Large-SignalDCCircuitModels.............................511
11.6 Large-SignalDCAnalysisofBJTCircuits .................... 514
11.7 Small-SignalEquivalentCircuits ............................ 523
11.8 Common-EmitterAmpli.ers ................................ 527
11.9 EmitterFollowers .......................................... 533
Summary. . . . .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . .. .. . 539 Problems . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . 540
Chapter 12 Operational Ampli.ers ............................... 549
12.1 IdealOperationalAmpli.ers ................................ 550
12.2 InvertingAmpli.ers ........................................ 552
12.3 NoninvertingAmpli.ers .................................... 560
12.4 Op-Amp Imperfections in the Linear Range of Operation . . . . . . 564
12.5 NonlinearLimitations ...................................... 569
12.6 DCImperfections .......................................... 572
12.7 Differential and Instrumentation Ampli.ers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 574
12.8 IntegratorsandDifferentiators ............................... 577
Summary. . . . .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . .. .. . 580
Problems . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . 581
