本书体例、体裁依据市场上最受读者认可的“从入门到精通”进行编写，结合热门机型佳能EOS 7D，从相机设置、基本操作、拍摄技法，到各种主题拍摄 、后期处理等方面，由浅入深、循序渐进地介绍了摄影知识和创作理念，以及丰富、有效的实拍技法，告诉读者如何实现拍摄意图，建立属于自己的独特风格。本书内容详尽实用，图片华丽精美，讲解深入浅出，非常适合使用EOS 7D初学摄影的读者。阅读完本书再拿起您的相机进行实践，感觉将会大不一样。理论和实践的结合，就是拍出好照片的开始！
EOS 7D是佳能公司首款以一位数命名的APS-C画幅机型，也是一款追求专业品质的APS-C画幅机型，在快速、易用的同时，拥有了专业相机的高性能与高画质，可媲美EOS-1D系列的高强度机身、约1800万的有效像素、双DIGIC 4数字影像处理器、全19点十字型自动对焦感应器、最高约8张/s的高速连拍……这些都为Canon EOS 7D的用户带来了专业级的享受。也正是基于其专业品质，这款机型自上市之日起就深受好评，用户群极为广泛。
本书专门为刚使用佳能EOS 7D进行摄影，特别希望快速提高摄影水平的摄影爱好者精心编写的一部教学指导手册。以全新的知识体系，循序渐进地讲解学习摄影必须掌握的各种基础知识和实拍技巧，让您轻松完成从入门到精通的摄影学习历程，体验从新手到高手的顺利晋级。
摄影入门篇——学习基本的数码摄影的工作原理和摄影美学概念，解答初学摄影最关心的问题，引领读者真正地认识佳能EOS 7D，从而轻松踏入摄影的大门。
摄影基础篇——带你快速直观地了解佳能EOS 7D，精心讲解相机的拆装及快速设置，帮助读者扫清技术障碍，轻松拍出自己第1张成功的照片。
摄影进阶篇——全面剖析EOS 7D的菜单设置，讲解对焦、曝光、光圈控制、活用快门、ISO设置、白平衡运用等摄影技法核心内容，掌握实用的拍摄方法和技巧，提升摄影水平。
摄影配件篇——介绍了适用于佳能EOS 7D的常用镜头、合适的附件和光学滤镜，告诉读者如何应用这些配件深入挖掘佳能EOS 7D的拍摄潜能。
摄影实拍篇——精通各种场景主题拍摄的必备要领，包括拍摄人像、风景、静物及动植物等最常见的摄影主题，并将上百个拍摄技巧融入其中，帮助读者在实践中快速提升摄影水平。
摄影后期篇——为读者解读后期处理方面的知识及技巧，让读者拍出的作品通过后期再创作变得更加完美。
另外，本书在编写时，利用佳能EOS 7D拍摄出的丰富照片进行图文并茂地讲解，还为每张图附上详细拍摄参数，使读者更加直观、清楚地了解拍摄背后的数据。此外，书中还有一些提示，将上百个拍摄技巧融入其中，帮助读者更加完整细致地解读实际拍摄中需要掌握的技巧。我们力求用最通俗易懂的语言来描述相机中的各种专业术语和知识，使初中级水平的读者能够轻松阅读并深入理解。
由于作者水平有限，在编写本书的过程中难免会存在疏漏之处，恳请广大读者批评指正。
作者
2013年4月
摄影
罗斯基 编著：暂无简介
前言
摄影入门篇
第1章拍照之前要掌握的知识························020
1.1 数码单反摄影的技术概念 ··022
1.1.1 全手动操作 ····························022
1.1.2 像素与分辨率 ·························023
1.1.3 最大像素和有效像素 ················024
1.1.4 标清、高清与全高清 ················024
1.1.5 TTL与E-TTL ··························024
1.1.6 取景器的视野率 ······················025
1.1.7 五棱镜 ··································026
1.1.8 闪光灯回电时间 ······················026
1.1.9 GN值（闪光灯指数） ··············027
1.1.10 认识分辨率与照片尺寸的关系 ··027
1.2 数码单反相机的工作原理 ··028
1.2.1 数码单反相机取景时的光线传播流程 ···········029
1.2.2 数码单反相机曝光时的光线传播流程 ···········029
1.3 数码单反摄影的美学概念 ··030
1.3.1 影调 ···················030
1.3.2 层次 ··············031
1.3.3 质感 ··················033
1.3.4 透视 ··············036
摄影基础篇
第2章佳能EOS 7D性能初体验···············042
2.1 外秀内刚的高强度机身 ·····044
2.2 高达1800万像素的CMOS图像感应器 ············045
2.3 高性能的双DIGIC 4数字影像处理器 ················047
2.4 智能而精确的19点全十字对焦系统 ················049
2.5 高精度的63区双层测光感应器 ···············051
2.6 100%视野率的专业级光学取景器 ·············052
2.7 1080P的全高清短片拍摄 ··052
第3章快速上手佳能EOS 7D 054
3.1 拿到相机后的准备 ············056
3.1.1 为相机安装吊带 ······················056
3.1.2 为相机安装镜头 ······················056
3.1.3 为相机装入电池 ······················057
3.1.4 为相机装入存储卡 ···················058
3.2 对相机进行初步设定 ········059
3.2.1 选择相机的语言 ······················059
3.2.2 设定正确的日期和时间 ·············059
3.2.3 格式化存储卡 ·························060
3.2.4 设置图像存储格式 ···················060
3.3 利用佳能EOS 7D拍摄第一张照片 ·················062
3.3.1 选择拍摄模式——全自动模式和创意自动模式 ···········062
3.3.2 调节屈光度——看清取景器画面··········· 062
3.3.3 对焦——半按快门 ···················063
3.3.4 拍摄——完全释放快门 ·············064
3.3.5 回放——查看所拍摄的照片 ·······065
3.4 佳能EOS 7D的外观结构 ···066
3.4.1 机身正面功能详解 ···················066
3.4.2 机身背面功能详解 ···················067
3.4.3 机身顶面功能详解 ···················068
3.4.4 机身底面功能详解 ···················069
3.4.5 机身左侧面功能详解 ················069
3.4.6 机身右侧面功能详解 ················070
3.4.7 取景器画面 ····························070
3.4.8 拍摄菜单界面 ·························071
3.4.9 控制面板 ·······························071
摄影进阶篇
第4章对佳能EOS 7D常用菜单进行专家级设置 ········074
4.1 拍摄前的设置 ··················076
4.1.1 文件编号 ·······························076
4.1.2 选择文件夹 ····························076
4.1.3 液晶屏的亮度 ·························077
4.1.4 图像确认时间 ·························077
4.1.5 未装存储卡释放快门 ················078
4.1.6 周边光量校正 ·························078
4.1.7 自动亮度优化 ·························079
4.1.8 色彩空间 ·······························079
4.1.9 照片风格 ·······························081
4.1.10 除尘数据 ·····························082
4.2 实时显示拍摄设置 ············083
4.2.1 实时显示拍摄 ·························083
4.2.2 自动对焦模式 ·························083
4.2.3 显示网格线 ····························084
4.2.4 曝光模拟 ·······························084
4.2.5 静音拍摄 ·······························085
4.2.6 测光定时器 ····························085
4.3 回放已拍摄的图像 ············086
4.3.1 保护图像 ·······························086
4.3.2 旋转和自动旋转 ······················086
4.3.3 删除图像 ·······························087
4.3.4 打印指令 ·······························087
4.3.5 高光警告 ·······························088
4.3.6 显示自动对焦点 ······················088
4.3.7 显示柱状图 ····························089
4.3.8 幻灯片播放 ····························089
4.3.9 用主拨盘进行图像跳转 ·············089
4.4 对相机的设置 ··················090
4.4.1 自动关闭电源 ·························090
4.4.2 清洁感应器 ····························090
4.4.3 显示取景器网格线 ···················091
4.4.4 电池信息 ·······························091
4.4.5 使用INFO.按钮显示的内容 ········091
4.4.6 版权信息 ·······························092
4.4.7 清除全部相机设置 ···················092
4.4.8 固件版本 ·······························092
4.5 我的菜单设置 ··················093
第5章使用佳能EOS 7D必须掌握的摄影技术 ········094
5.1 掌握佳能EOS 7D的对焦
功能 ··············096
5.1.1 自动对焦与手动对焦 ················096
5.1.2 自动对焦点选择 ······················097
5.1.3 自动对焦模式 ·························098
5.1.4 锁定对焦 ··························100
5.1.5 实战：人像摄影中对焦位置的选择 ········102
5.1.6 实战：花卉摄影中对焦位置的选择 ··············103
5.1.7 实战：风光摄影中对焦位置的选择 ·········104
5.2 认识曝光 ·························105
5.2.1 什么是曝光 ···················105
5.2.2 曝光三角 ······················105
5.2.3 曝光补偿与自动包围曝光 ··········107
5.2.4 通过直方图控制曝光 ················108
5.2.5 锁定曝光 ·····················111
5.3 了解测光 ············· 112
5.3.1 什么是测光 ··················112
5.3.2 佳能EOS 7D的4种测光模式 ·······113
5.3.3 白加黑减和测光点的选择 ··········117
5.3.4 利用灰卡测光实现准确曝光 ·······119
5.3.5 实拍中测光模式的选择 ·············119
5.4 快门 ·······························121
5.4.1 快门的两种含义 ······················121
5.4.2 快门的两种作用 ······················121
5.4.3 安全快门 ·······························122
5.4.4 选择合适的快门速度拍摄照片 ····123
5.5 光圈 ·······························124
5.5.1 什么是光圈 ····························124
5.5.2 光圈数值与光圈大小 ················124
5.5.3 光圈的两个作用 ······················125
5.5.4 景深的控制 ····························126
5.5.5 影响景深的三要素 ···················128
5.5.6 各种场景中光圈的选择 ·············129
5.6 ISO感光度 ······················130
5.6.1 ISO感光度的概念 ····················130
5.6.2 ISO感光度与画质 ····················130
5.6.3 佳能EOS 7D的感光度测试 ·········131
5.6.4 佳能EOS 7D的降噪功能 ············131
5.6.5 根据不同的场景选择合适的感光度 ············132
5.7 白平衡与画面色彩 ············134
5.7.1 认识色温与白平衡 ···················134
5.7.2 色温与白平衡之间的联系 ··········135
5.7.3 白平衡偏移／包围 ···················136
5.7.4 佳能EOS 7D的白平衡模式 ·········136
5.7.5 实战：使用自定义白平衡准确还原场景色彩 ·················138
5.7.6 实战：选择合适的白平衡模式拍摄照片 ··············139
5.8 选择合适的曝光模式 ········140
5.8.1 P程序自动拍摄模式——初学者的最佳选择 ··········140
5.8.2 Tv快门优先拍摄模式——掌控画面动静 ················141
5.8.3 Av光圈优先拍摄模式——最常用的拍摄模式 ············142
5.8.4 M手动拍摄模式——创造性最强的拍摄模式 ·······143
5.8.5 B门模式——控制曝光时间的拍摄模式 ····················144
5.8.6 C模式——记住常用的拍摄设置 ··145
5.9 使用佳能EOS 7D拍摄专业级短片 ···············146
5.9.1 可媲美专业摄像功能的高清短片 146
5.9.2 自动曝光拍摄 ·························147
5.9.3 手动曝光拍摄 ·························147
5.9.4 拍摄静止图像 ·························148
5.9.5 短片拍摄时的液晶屏信息 ··········148
5.9.6 在电视机上观看拍摄的高清短片 149
摄影配件篇
第6章适合佳能EOS 7D的22款镜头·············152
6.1 佳能镜头名称解读 ············154
6.2 镜头结构图解读 ···············156
6.2.1 镜头结构图 ····························156
6.2.2 非球面镜片 ····························156
6.2.3 低色散镜片 ····························157
6.2.4 萤石镜片 ·······························157
6.3 镜头性能测试 ··················158
6.3.1 解像力的含义 ························158
6.3.2 MTF图 ··································158
6.4 焦距与视角的关系 ············159
6.5 镜头分类：广角镜头、标准镜头、远摄镜头 ···············160
6.5.1 广角镜头的特点及使用 ·············160
6.5.2 标准镜头的特点及使用 ·············161
6.5.3 远摄镜头的特点及使用 ·············162
6.6 镜头分类：定焦镜头、变焦镜头 ···············163
6.6.1 定焦镜头 ·······························163
6.6.2 变焦镜头 ·······························164
6.7 特殊镜头 ·························165
6.7.1 鱼眼镜头的特点及使用 ·············165
6.7.2 移轴镜头的特点及使用 ·············166
6.7.3 反射式镜头的特点及使用 ··········167
6.8 近摄环与增距镜的特点及使用 ···············168
6.8.1 近摄环的特点及使用 ················168
6.8.2 增距镜的特点及使用 ················169
6.9 高素质的定焦镜头 ············170
6.9.1 超广角定焦镜头佳能EF 14mm f/2.8LII USM ·········170
6.9.2 广角定焦镜头佳能EF 24mm f/1.4L IIUSM ··········171
6.9.3 广角定焦镜头佳能EF 35mm f/1.4LUSM ···········172
6.9.4 标准定焦镜头佳能EF 50mm f/1.2LUSM ···········173
6.9.5 中远摄定焦镜头佳能EF 85mm f/1.2LII USM ··············174
6.9.6 远摄定焦镜头佳能EF 135mm f/2LUSM ···············175
6.9.7 远摄定焦镜头佳能EF 200mm f/2L ISUSM ·············176
6.9.8 远摄定焦镜头佳能EF 300mm f/2.8LIS USM ············177
6.9.9 超远摄定焦镜头佳能EF 400mmf/2.8L IS USM ·········178
6.9.10 超远摄定焦镜头佳能EF 600mm f/4LIS USM ··········179
6.10 灵活的变焦镜头 ·············180
6.10.1 套机镜头佳能EF-S 15-85mmf/3.5-5.6 IS USM ··········180
6.10.2 一镜走天下佳能EF-S 18-200mmf/3.5-5.6 IS ············181
6.10.3 轻便短小远摄变焦镜头佳能EF70-300mm f/4.5-5.6 DO IS USM ···········182
6.10.4 大三元之广角镜头佳能EF16-35mm f/2.8L II USM ···········183
6.10.5 大三元之标准镜头佳能EF24-70mm f/2.8L II USM ············184
6.10.6 大三元之远摄镜头佳能EF70-200mm f/2.8L II IS USM ·······185
6.10.7 小三元之广角镜头佳能EF17-40mm f/4L USM ·················186
6.10.8 小三元之标准镜头佳能EF24-105mm f/4L IS USM ············187
6.10.9 小三元之远摄镜头佳能EF70-200mm f/4L IS USM ············188
6.11 几款特殊的镜头 ·············189
6.11.1 最具性价比定焦镜头佳能EF50mm f/1.8 II ····················189
6.11.2 微距定焦镜头佳能EF 100mmf/2.8L IS USM微距 ·················190
6.11.3 鱼眼镜头佳能EF 15mm f/2.8 ·····191
第7 章为佳能EOS 7D选择合适的附件···············192
7.1 三脚架 ····························194
7.2 快门线 ····························196
7.3 摄影包 ····························197
7.4 滤镜 ·······························198
7.4.1 什么是滤镜 ····························198
7.4.2 UV滤镜的使用方法 ·················199
7.4.3 偏光镜的使用方法 ···················199
7.4.4 渐变滤镜的使用方法 ················200
7.4.5 滤镜的选择方法 ······················202
7.5 存储卡 ····························202
7.6 防潮箱 ····························203
7.7 遮光罩 ····························203
7.8 黑卡、灰卡和白卡 ············205
摄影实拍篇
第8章风光摄影实拍技法 ·····208
8.1 拍摄风光前的准备 ············210
8.1.1 拍摄风光前对佳能EOS 7D的设置 ··210
8.1.2 拍摄风光所需要的镜头和配件 ····211
8.2 风光摄影的一般规律 ········212
8.2.1 将远近的风光都拍摄清楚 ··········212
8.2.2 为画面寻找视觉中心 ················213
8.2.3 寻找合适的景物作为前景和背景 214
8.2.4 天空和白云的表现力 ················215
8.2.5 地平线要平 ····························216
8.2.6 任何天气下都有好的表现题材 ····217
8.2.7 注意要在黄金时间里拍摄 ·········218
8.2.8 多改变观察拍摄的角度 ·············219
8.2.9 合理地安排画面中的景物 ··········220
8.2.10 小技巧让照片生动起来 ···········220
8.3 风光摄影的构图 ···············221
8.3.1 黄金构图法 ····························221
8.3.2 几何构图法 ····························223
8.3.3 在拍摄中进行合理的构图 ··········225
8.4 巧用场景中的色彩表达主题 ················226
8.5 不同题材的拍摄技巧 ········230
8.5.1 充满生机活力的春季 ················230
8.5.2 浓郁而单调的夏季 ···················231
8.5.3 最适合拍摄的秋季 ···················232
8.5.4 纯净寂寥的冬季 ······················233
8.5.5 日出日落的奇观 ······················234
8.5.6 高耸入云的山川 ······················235
8.5.7 曲折蜿蜒的河流 ······················237
8.5.8 平静幽深的湖泊 ······················238
8.5.9 变幻无常的大海 ······················238
8.5.10 浓郁茂密的森林 ····················239
8.5.11 一望无际的草原 ····················240
8.5.12 广阔无垠的沙漠 ····················241
第9章人像摄影实拍技法 ·····242
9.1 选择合适的镜头拍摄人像 ···········244
9.1.1 定焦人像的特点 ······················244
9.1.2 长焦人像的特点 ······················245
9.1.3 广角人像的特点 ······················246
9.2 画面中人像的比例大有学问 ···········247
9.2.1 特写人像的特点 ······················247
9.2.2 半身人像的特点 ······················248
9.2.3 七分人像的特点 ······················249
9.2.4 全身人像的特点 ······················250
9.3 人像用光的艺术 ···············251
9.3.1 顺光人像摄影 ·························251
9.3.2 侧光人像摄影 ·························252
9.3.3 斜射光人像摄影 ······················253
9.3.4 逆光人像摄影 ·························254
9.3.5 一天中最佳的人像摄影时间 ·······255
9.4 人像摄影的常见构图形式 ···········256
9.4.1 三分法人像构图 ······················256
9.4.2 对角线人像构图 ······················257
9.4.3 S形人像构图 ··························258
9.4.4 黄金构图法人像构图 ················259
9.5 人像摄影的经典法则 ········260
9.5.1 一定要突出人物 ······················260
9.5.2 对焦在眼睛 ····························261
9.5.3 不要切割关节 ·························262
9.5.4 靠近拍摄可以更好 ···················262
9.5.5 时刻注意反射光线的补光功能 ····264
9.6 常见的美女写真技法 ········265
9.6.1 美女与阶梯写真 ······················265
9.6.2 美女与草地写真 ······················266
9.6.3 美女与香车写真 ······················267
9.6.4 美女与废墟写真 ······················268
9.7 儿童摄影 ·························268
9.7.1 不用闪光灯 ····························268
9.7.2 追踪抓拍儿童 ·························269
9.7.3 注意调动儿童的情绪 ················270
9.7.4 尽可能运用自然光拍摄儿童 ·······271
第10章其他主题摄影实拍技法 272
10.1 纪实摄影 ·······················274
10.1.1 纪实摄影的种类 ····················274
10.1.2 纪实摄影的表现手法 ··············277
10.2 花卉摄影 ·······················280
10.2.1 灵活的构图 ··························280
10.2.2 不同光影下花卉的表现力 ········281
10.3 微距摄影 ·······················282
10.3.1 微距镜头的选择 ····················282
10.3.2 微距作品的光影魅力 ··············283
10.3.3 捕捉动静结合的瞬间 ··············284
10.4 商品（静物）摄影 ··········285
10.4.1 商品的质感和虚实表现力 ········285
10.4.2 商品形态与用光 ····················285
10.4.3 商品的色彩表现 ····················286
10.4.4 情与景的交融 ·······················286
10.5 舞台摄影 ·······················287
10.5.1 表现舞台主题 ·······················287
10.5.2 给人物一个特写 ····················287
10.5.3 抓住舞台精彩的细节 ··············288
10.5.4 快门速度的运用——动静结合的美感 ··········288
10.6 体育摄影 ·······················289
10.6.1 体育摄影的器材选择 ··············289
10.6.2 快门速度与体育摄影 ··············290
10.6.3 “守株待兔”拍摄精彩瞬间 ·····290
10.7 鸟类摄影 ·······················291
10.7.1 鸟类等生态摄影的器材需求 ·····291
10.7.2 拍鸟的技巧 ··························292
10.7.3 拍鸟需要爱心与耐心 ··············294
10.8 宠物摄影 ·······················295
10.8.1 一般宠物的拍摄技巧 ··············295
10.8.2 小型宠物的拍摄技巧 ··············296
10.9 建筑摄影 ·······················297
10.9.1 建筑物的前景和背景 ··············297
10.9.2 拍摄机位的选择 ····················298
10.9.3 拍摄不同风格的建筑物 ···········299
摄影后期篇
第11章数码照片后期处理 ·····302
11.1 利用Photoshop对照片进行简单调整 ················304
11.1.1 调整照片明暗：色阶调整 ········304
11.1.2 调整照片明暗：曲线调整 ········305
11.1.3 调整照片色彩：色相／饱和度调整 ··········307
11.1.4 调整照片色彩：黑白调整 ········308
11.1.5 调整照片色彩：照片滤镜调整 ··310
11.1.6 调整照片色彩：通道混合器调整 ···········312
11.1.7 清晰化照片：锐化滤镜 ···········314
11.1.8 模糊化照片：模糊滤镜 ···········316
11.1.9 修复照片：污点修复画笔工具 ··317
11.1.10 美化照片：液化滤镜 ·············319
11.2 利用Camera Raw对照片进行专家级调整 ················320
11.2.1 Camera Raw的启动 ·················321
11.2.2 Camera Raw主要功能详解 ········323
11.2.3 实战：利用Camera Raw对照片
进行综合处理 ···················326
