本书全面阐释与IT项目管理相关的概念、技巧、工具、技术和实践，是一本涵盖10大管理知识领域（项目整合、范围、进度、成本、质量、资源、沟通、风险、采购和干系人管理）和5个过程组（启动、计划、执行、监控和收尾）的教科书。理论与实践的有机结合使得本书通俗易懂，增加的案例、模板和项目管理软件可帮助读者掌握和运用从书中学到的知识和技能，为学生和从业者奠定坚实的基础。本书适合作为高等院校计算机、管理科学与工程等相关高年级本科生和研究生的教材，也可作为从业人员的参考读物。
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计算机\软件工程
本书自2002年在中国引进出版以来，为项目管理知识体系在中国的普及和发展做出了卓有成效的贡献，产生了深远的影响。第9版紧跟IT行业发展趋势，是一本涵盖10大管理知识领域（项目整合、范围、进度、成本、质量、资源、沟通、风险、采购和干系人管理）和5个过程组（启动、计划、执行、监控和收尾）的经典书籍。
本版特色
以《项目管理知识体系指南（第6版）》为基础，新增关于敏捷/自适应环境的讨论、“给年轻专业人士的建议”模块、关于领导力和敏捷开发的内容，同时更新练习题和案例，补充新的研究成果，体现PMP考试的新变化。
强调软件工具的使用，提供Microsoft Project 2016使用指南，还包括使用MindView和蒙特卡罗模拟软件协助项目管理的实例。
每章都以“开篇案例”为起点，在实际项目背景下展开管理概念和技术的主题讨论，用实例说明管理方法“对在哪里”和“错在哪里”，最后以“案例结局”收束全章。
“媒体快照”将抽象概念与媒体报道中的真实项目关联起来，“最佳实践”树立了源于不同企业的项目管理榜样，“全球问题”关注全球化管理如何影响世界的现在和未来。
作者简介
凯西·施瓦尔贝（Kathy Schwalbe） 奥格斯堡学院工商管理系荣休教授，主讲项目管理、商业问题解决、系统分析与设计、信息系统项目和电子商务等课程；曾兼任明尼苏达大学教授，讲授项目管理研究生课程。2015年5月，Kathy教授正式结束教师生涯，专门从事写作和咨询活动。在1991年进入学术界之前，她在工业界工作过10年，曾为空军军官、系统分析师、项目经理、高级工程师和IT顾问。
[美]凯西·施瓦尔贝(Kathy Schwalbe) 著：凯西·施瓦尔贝（Kathy Schwalbe） 奥格斯堡学院工商管理系荣休教授，主讲项目管理、商业问题解决、系统分析与设计、信息系统项目和电子商务等课程；曾兼任明尼苏达大学教授，讲授项目管理研究生课程。2015年5月，Kathy教授正式结束教师生涯，专门从事写作和咨询活动。在1991年进入学术界之前，她在工业界工作过10年，曾为空军军官、系统分析师、项目经理、高级工程师和IT顾问。
Preface iii
About the Author xii
Chapter 1 Introduction to Project Management 1
Introduction 2
What Is a Project? 4
Examples of IT Projects 4
Project Attributes 6
Project Constraints 7
What Is Project Management? 9
Project Stakeholders 9
Project Management Knowledge Areas 11
Project Management Tools and Techniques 12
Project Success 15
Program and Project Portfolio Management 18
Programs 18
Project Portfolio Management 19
Organizational Project Management 21
The Role of the Project Manager 23
Project Manager Job Description 23
Suggested Skills for Project Managers 25
PMI Talent Triangle? and the Importance of Leadership Skills 27
Careers for IT Project Managers 29
The Project Management Profession 29
History of Project Management 29
The Project Management Institute 33
Project Management Certification 34
Ethics in Project Management 35
Project Management Software 36
Chapter Summary 39
Discussion Questions 40
Quick Quiz 40Quick Quiz Answers 42
Exercises 42
Key Terms 43
Endnotes 44
Chapter 2 The Project Management and Information Technology Context 47
A Systems View of Project Management 49
What Is a Systems Approach? 49
The Three-Sphere Model for Systems Management 50
Understanding Organizations 51
The Four Frames of Organizations 51
Organizational Structures 53
Organizational Culture 56
Focusing on Stakeholder Needs 57
The Importance of Top Management Commitment 59
The Need for Organizational Commitment to Information Technology 60
The Need for Organizational Standards 61
Project and Product Life Cycles 61
Project Life Cycle 62
Product Life Cycles 62
The Importance of Project Phases and Management Reviews 65
The Context of Information Technology Projects 66
The Nature of IT Projects 66
Characteristics of IT Project Team Members 67
Diverse Technologies 67
Recent Trends Affecting Information Technology Project Management 68
Globalization 68
Outsourcing 69
Virtual Teams 70
Agile 72
The Manifesto for Agile Software Development 72
Scrum 73
Agile, the PMBOK? Guide, and a New Certification 74
Chapter Summary 76
Discussion Questions 77
Quick Quiz 77
Quick Quiz Answers 79
Exercises 79
Key Terms 80
Endnotes 81
Chapter 3 The Project Management Process Groups 83
Project Management Process Groups 84
Mapping the Process Groups to the Knowledge Areas 89
Developing an IT Project Management Methodology 89
Case Study 1: JWD Consulting’s Project Management Intranet Site Project (Predictive Approach) 91
Project Pre-Initiation and Initiation 92
Pre-Initiation Tasks 92
Initiating 97
Identifying Project Stakeholders 97
Drafting the Project Charter 98
Holding a Project Kick-Off Meeting 100
Project Planning 101
Project Execution 111
Project Monitoring and Controlling 114
Project Closing 115
Case Study 2: JWD Consulting’s Project Management Intranet Site Project (Agile Approach) 119
Scrum Roles, Artifacts, and Ceremonies 120
Project Pre-Initiation and Initiation 123
Planning 124
Executing 126
Monitoring and Controlling 127
Closing 128
Templates by Process Group 129
Chapter Summary 134
Discussion Questions 135
Quick Quiz 135
Quick Quiz Answers 137
Exercises 137
Key Terms 138
Endnotes 138
Chapter 4 Project Integration Management 141
What Is Project Integration Management? 142
Strategic Planning and Project Selection 144
Strategic Planning 145
Identifying Potential Projects 146
Aligning IT with Business Strategy 147
Methods for Selecting Projects 149
Focusing on Broad Organizational Needs 149
Categorizing IT Projects 150
Performing Financial Analyses 151
Net Present Value Analysis 151
Return on Investment 154
Payback Analysis 155
Using a Weighted Scoring Model 156
Implementing a Balanced Scorecard 158
Developing a Project Charter 158
Developing a Project Management Plan 162
Project Management Plan Contents 163
Using Guidelines to Create Project Management Plans 164
Directing and Managing Project Work 165
Coordinating Planning and Execution 166
Providing Strong Leadership and a Supportive Culture 166
Capitalizing on Product, Business, and Application Area Knowledge 167
Project Execution Tools and Techniques 168
Managing Project Knowledge 169
Monitoring and Controlling Project Work 170
Performing Integrated Change Control 172
Change Control on IT Projects 173
Change Control System 173
Closing Projects or Phases 176
Using Software to Assist in Project Integration Management 177
Considerations for Agile/Adaptive Environments 178
Chapter Summary 180
Discussion Questions 181
Quick Quiz 181
Quick Quiz Answers 182
Exercises 183
Running Case 184
Tasks 185
Key Terms 186
Endnotes 187
Chapter 5 Project Scope Management 189
What Is Project Scope Management? 190
Planning Scope Management 191
Collecting Requirements 193
Defining Scope 196
Creating the Work Breakdown Structure 200
Approaches to Developing Work Breakdown Structures 204
Using Guidelines 205
The Analogy Approach 206
The Top-Down and Bottom-Up Approaches 206
Mind Mapping 207
The WBS Dictionary 209
Advice for Creating a WBS and a WBS Dictionary 210
Validating Scope 211
Controlling Scope 213
Suggestions for Improving User Input 214
Suggestions for Reducing Incomplete and Changing Requirements 215
Using Software to Assist in Project Scope Management 217
Considerations for Agile/Adaptive Environments 217
Chapter Summary 219
Discussion Questions 219
Quick Quiz 220
Quick Quiz Answers 221
Exercises 222
Running Case 223
Tasks 224
Key Terms 225
Endnotes 225
Chapter 6 Project Schedule Management 227
The Importance of Project Schedules 228
Planning Schedule Management 230
Defining Activities 231
Sequencing Activities 233
Dependencies 233
Network Diagrams 234
Estimating Activity Durations 238
Developing the Schedule 239
Gantt Charts 240
Adding Milestones to Gantt Charts 242
Using Tracking Gantt Charts to Compare Planned and Actual Dates 243
Critical Path Method 244
Calculating the Critical Path 244
Growing Grass Can Be on the Critical Path 246
Using Critical Path Analysis to Make Schedule Trade-Offs 246
Using the Critical Path to Shorten a Project Schedule 248
Importance of Updating Critical Path Data 250
Critical Chain Scheduling 250
Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT) 253
Agile and Schedule Management 254
Controlling the Schedule 255
Reality Checks on Scheduling and the Need for Discipline 256
Using Software to Assist in Project Schedule Management 257
Words of Caution on Using Project Management Software 258
Considerations for Agile/Adaptive Environments 259
Chapter Summary 261
Discussion Questions 262
Quick Quiz 263
Quick Quiz Answers 264
Exercises 264
Running Case 267
Tasks 267
Key Terms 267
Endnotes 268
Chapter 7 Project Cost Management 271
The Importance of Project Cost Management 272
What Is Cost? 273
What Is Project Cost Management? 274
Basic Principles of Cost Management 274
Planning Cost Management 279
Estimating Costs 279
Types of Cost Estimates 280
Cost Estimation Tools and Techniques 281
Typical Problems with IT Cost Estimates 283
How to Develop a Cost Estimate and Basis of Estimates 284
Determining the Budget 290
Controlling Costs 291
Earned Value Management 291
Project Portfolio Management 297
Using Project Management Software to Assist in Project Cost Management 298
Considerations for Agile/Adaptive Environments 300
Chapter Summary 301
Discussion Questions 301
Quick Quiz 302
Quick Quiz Answers 304
Exercises 304
Running Case 305
Tasks 305
Key Terms 307
Endnotes 307
Planning Quality Management 315
Managing Quality 317
Controlling Quality 319
Tools and Techniques for Quality Control 320
Statistical Sampling 325
Six Sigma 327
How Is Six Sigma Quality Control Unique? 328
Six Sigma and Project Selection and Management 329
Six Sigma and Statistics 330
Testing 332
Modern Quality Management 334
Deming and His 14 Points for Management 334
Juran and the Importance of Top Management Commitment to Quality 335
Crosby and Striving for Zero Defects 336
Ishikawa’s Guide to Quality Control 337
Taguchi and Robust Design Methods 337
Feigenbaum and Workers’ Responsibility for Quality 337
Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award 337
ISO Standards 338
Improving IT Project Quality 338
Leadership 339
The Cost of Quality 340
The Impact of Organizational Influences, and Workplace Factors on Quality 341
Expectations and Cultural Differences in Quality 342
Maturity Models 343
Software Quality Function Deployment Model 343
Capability Maturity Model Integration 343
Project Management Maturity Models 344
Using Software to Assist in Project Quality Management 346
Considerations for Agile/Adaptive Environments 346
Chapter Summary 348
Discussion Questions 348
Quick Quiz 349
Quick Quiz Answers 351
Exercises 351
Running Case 352
Tasks 352
Key Terms 353
Endnotes 354
Chapter 9 Project Resource Management 357
The Importance of Resource Management 358
The Global IT Workforce 358
Implications for the Future of IT Human Resource Management 359
What Is Project Resource Management? 361
Keys to Managing and Leading People 362
Motivation Theories 362
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs 363
Herzberg’s Motivation-Hygiene Theory 364
McClelland’s Acquired-Needs Theory 366
McGregor’s Theory X and Theory Y 366
Influence and Power 367
Covey and Improving Effectiveness 369
Emotional Intelligence 372
Leadership 373
Developing the Resource Management Plan and Team Charter 374
Project Organizational Charts 375
Responsibility Assignment Matrices 377
Staffing Management Plans and Resource Histograms 378
Team Charters 378
Estimating Activity Resources 379
Acquiring Resources 380
Resource Assignment 381
Resource Loading 382
Resource Leveling 384
Developing the Project Team 386
Training 386
Team-Building Activities 387
The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator 388
The Social Styles Profile 389
DISC Profile 390
Reward and Recognition Systems 391
Managing the Project Team 392
Tools and Techniques for Managing Project Teams 392
General Advice on Managing Teams 394
Controlling Resources 395
Using Software to Assist in Resource Management 395
Considerations for Agile/Adaptive Environments 396
Chapter Summary 398
Discussion Questions 399
Quick Quiz 400
Quick Quiz Answers 401
Exercises 402
Running Case 403
Key Terms 404
Endnotes 404
Chapter 10 Project Communications Management 407
The Importance of Project Communications Management 408
Keys to Good Communications 410
Focusing on Group and Individual Communication Needs 410
Formal and Informal Methods for Communicating 411
Distributing Important Information in an Effective and Timely Manner 412
Setting the Stage for Communicating Bad News 413
Determining the Number of Communication Channels 413
Planning Communications Management 415
Managing Communications 417
Using Technology to Enhance Information Creation and Distribution 418
Selecting the Appropriate Communication Methods and Media 418
Reporting Performance 420
Monitoring Communications 423
Suggestions for Improving Project Communications 423
Developing Better Communication Skills 423
Running Effective Meetings 425
Using E-Mail, Instant Messaging, Texting, Kanban Boards, and Collaborative Tools Effectively 426
Using Templates for Project Communications 429
Using Software to Assist in Project Communications 433
Considerations for Agile/Adaptive Environments 436
Chapter Summary 438
Discussion Questions 438
Quick Quiz 439
Quick Quiz Answers 441
Exercises 441
Running Case 442
Key Terms 443
Endnotes 443
Chapter 11 Project Risk Management 445
The Importance of Project Risk Management 446
Planning Risk Management 453
Common Sources of Risk on IT Projects 455
Identifying Risks 458
Suggestions for Identifying Risks 458
The Risk Register 459
The Risk Report 461
Performing Qualitative Risk Analysis 462
Using Probability/Impact Matrixes to Calculate Risk Factors 462
Top Ten Risk Item Tracking 464
Performing Quantitative Risk Analysis 466
Performing Quantitative Risk Analysis 466
Decision Trees and Expected Monetary Value 466Simulation 468Sensitivity Analysis 470
Planning Risk Responses 471
Implementing Risk Responses 474
Monitoring Risks 474
Using Software to Assist in Project Risk Management 475
Considerations for Agile/Adaptive Environments 475
Chapter Summary 477
Discussion Questions 478
Quick Quiz 479
Quick Quiz Answers 480
Exercises 480
Running Case 582
Key Terms 582
Endnotes 583
Chapter 12 Project Procurement Management 485
The Importance of Project Procurement Management 486
Planning Procurement Management 491
Types of Contracts 491
Tools and Techniques for Planning Procurement Management 495
Make-or-Buy Analysis 495
Expert Judgment 496
Market Research 497
Procurement Management Plan 497
Statement of Work 497
Procurement or Bid Documents 498
Examples from a Real RFP 500
Source Selection Criteria 503
Conducting Procurements 504
Controlling Procurements 506
Using Software to Assist in Project Procurement Management 508
Considerations for Agile/Adaptive Environments 510
Chapter Summary 512
Discussion Questions 513
Quick Quiz 513
Quick Quiz Answers 515
Exercises 515
Running Case 516
Key Terms 516
Endnotes 517
Chapter 13 Project Stakeholder Management 519
The Importance of Project Stakeholder Management 520
Identifying Stakeholders 522
Planning Stakeholder Engagement 525
Managing Stakeholder Engagement 526
Monitoring Stakeholder Engagement 530
Using Software to Assist in Project Stakeholder Management 531
Considerations for Agile/Adaptive Environments 534
Chapter Summary 536
Discussion Questions 536
Quick Quiz 537
Quick Quiz Answers 538
Exercises 538
Running Case 539
Key Terms 540
Endnotes 540
